Oil expeller



Sept. 20, 1966 MASAKATSU ozAwA 3,273,495

OIL EXPELLER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 10, 1964 INVENTOR. MA SA KATSU OZA WA BY I Attorney P 20, 1966 MASAKATSU OZAWA 3,273,495

OIL EXPELLER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 10, 1964 INVENTOR.

MA SA KATSU O'ZA WA United States Patent 3,273,495 OIL EXPELLER Masaliatsu Ozawa, 207 Minakami, lhljieda, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan Filed Mar. 10, 1964, Ser. No. 350,813 Claims priority, application Japan, June 7, 1963,

4 Claims. (Cl. 100-145) This invention relates to an oil expeller wherein there is provided a helix-blade-type conveyor of a large diameter, i.e. a screw-type expeller rotating in a strong, longitudinal and cylindrical body to convey a plant containing juice to be squeezed out or a raw material containing oil in one direction, by pressure so that the juice or oil can be expelled during the compressing procedure. The invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal cross section of the whole body of an expeller for expelling oil, according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view to show the construction and mechanism of a prior art expeller of this kind. FIG. 3 is another schematic view to show the construction and mechanism of an expeller of the present invention. With reference to FIG. 2, the pitch P at the inlet, of the helix blade of a screw of an expeller of the usual kind is equal to the pitch near outlet 7 for the spent material after squeezing at the rear end of said cylindrical body. The pitch is shown as constant throughout but could be smaller by degrees from said inlet 3 towards said rear end. According to the prior art the compressing of the raw material can be facilitated by expanding the diameter of a rotating shaft 9 to support said helix blade toward the outlet 7 at the rear end thereof until it assumes a tapering form 9.

In the case of an expeller of this kind, pressure near the outlet '7 of the waste material becomes gradually lower along the screw to the vicinity of the inlet 3 for the material. The pressure becomes larger in proportion to that near the outlet 7 to give high pressure to the material M and the stronger the material is compressed to expel oil, the larger will be the pressure near the inlet 3 for the material M. As a result, the oil or juice will be expelled near said inlet 3, depending upon the property of the material or the condition of previous treatment until it is converted to a solution 0L in lubricating form thereby not only disturbing the delivery of the material under pressure, but also causing it to mix with a fresh supply of material M to lower expelling efiiciency.

In contrast, the expeller of the present invention is designed to eliminate these drawbacks. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, there is provided a rotary shaft 9 in a strong cylindrical body It). The shaft is equipped with a helix blade P of a large diameter and the rear portion of said shaft 9 is formed into a tapered portion 9, the right end thereof being formed into a shaft 14. In the cylindrical body 10 are provided also a lateral series of layer rings having an internal diameter equivalent to that of said cylindrical body, each ring being equipped with a radial groove 11 and a clearance 6 to provide a passage for the expelled juice oil OL which converges below it and comes out from a collection opening through a receiver dish or collector 13. The pitch of the helix blade P of the present invention is arranged in such a manner that in the case of dividing the whole body of the expeller into approximately three portions, i.e. an intial pressure zone H a medium pressure zone H and a high pressure zone H the pitch of medium pressure zone H is made larger than that P of initial pressure zone H and that P of high pressure zone H is made smaller than that P of medium pressure zone H or nearly the same.

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To summarize this arrangement by signs, the pitches of said initial, medium and high pressure zones are shown by a relationship of either P P :P or P P P However, it is permissible that these pitches may assume a relationship of P =P or P P but according to the present invention a relationship of P P must be established. Expellers of the prior art show a relationship of P =P =P P =P P or P P P as usual. In view of said arrangement of the pitches of the helix blade P of the expeller in accordance with the present invention, the distance of delivery of the material M per revolution of the rotary shaft 9 is naturally smaller at the front and rear portions and largest at the intermediate medium pressure portion H and therefore, the material M supplied from the inlet 3 in sequence is compressed at the initial pressure portion H pushed to the right, quickened in pace more or less at the medium pressure portion H and still pushed to the right while being compressed at all times. In this case, the juice oil OL is exuded from the material M to flow outwardly from the clearance 6 and radial groove 11 while the volume of the material is further squeezed by means of the helix blade P of the pitch P provided with a tapered portion. 9' for facilitating its crushing.

When considering the distribution of pressure throughout the whole body of the expeller, the relationship of the initial, medium and high pressure zones H H and H can be understood as H H H and H H Because of this relationship, back pressure from the high pressure zone H is transmitted up to the medium pressure zone H but cannot be transmitted to the initial pressure zone H Consequently, it is made possible to prevent expelling oil or juice at the initial pressure zone and back flow of the juice in lubricating form thereby obviating all drawbacks as already mentioned. In this manner, always after the material has been delivered into the medium pressure zone H provided with an exuding hole, oil is expelled and the juice OL is always well exuded outwardly from the slender holes surrounding the medium pressure zone. The present invention permits that, even a soft material can be expelled very satisfactorily without causing a mixture of exuded juice near the inlet of the expeller and moreover, the capacity or allowance for preliminary treatment of the material M can be increased so that the expeller of the present invention is easier to use than conventional ones and its expelling efficiency is considerably improved.

What is claimed is:

1. An oil expeller comprising a casing having a cylindrical passageway and conduit means connecting said passageway with a collector, an inlet in one end of the casing communicating with said passageway for admitting the material to be pressed into the passageway, an outlet at the other end of the casing for removing the pressed material, and a screw rotatably mounted in said passageway, said screw comprising a first core section of uni-form diameter and a second core section of nonuniform diameter adjacent thereto, a thread integral with the core having a uniform diameter equal to the diameter of the passageway and having a first zone of predetermined pitch adjacent the inlet, a second zone of a greater pitch than said predetermined pitch adjacent the first zone, and a third zone of a pitch less than the pitch of the second zone, said third zone being adjacent said second zone and on the core section of non-uniform diameter.

2. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the nonuniform section is in the form of the frustum of a cone with the smaller section adjacent to and of equal dameter to the section of uniform diameter.

3. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein the passageway adjacent the second and third zones is defined lay a the other end of the casing for removing the pressed material, and a screw rotatably mounted in said passageway, said screw comprising a core and a thread integral with the core having a first zone of a predetermined pitch adjacent the inlet, a second zone of a greater pitch than said predetermined pitch, and a third zone of a pitch smaller than the pitch of the second zone adjacent the outlet, said zones only for conducting liquid away from the passageway, and the inlet being removed from the perforations of the second zone by at least the pitch of the thread in the first zone.

References Cited by the Examiner "UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,990,555

2/1935 Loomis. 2,119,162 5/1938 Hartner 100146 2,626,856 1/1953 Alles 18-12 2,765,490 10/1956 Zona 18-12 3,181,454 5/1965 Ginaven et al 100117 X casing being perforated adjacent the second and third 15 LOUIS O. MAASSEL, Primary Examiner. 

1. AN OIL EXPELLER COMPRISING A CASING HAVING A CYLINDRICAL PASSAGEWAY AND CONDUIT MEANS CONNECTING SAID PASSAGEWAY WITH A COLLECTOR, AN INLET IN ONE END OF THE CASING COMMUNICATING WITH SAID PASSAGEWAY FOR ADMITTING THE MATERIAL TO BE PRESSED INTO THE PASSAGEWAY, AN OUTLET AT THE OTHER END OF THE CASING FOR REMOVING THE PRESSED MATERIAL, AND A SCREW ROTATABLY MOUNTED IN SAID PASSAGEWAY, SAID SCREW COMPRISING A FIRST CORE SECTION OF UNIFORM DIAMETER AND A SECOND CORE SECTION OF NONUNIFORM DIAMETER ADJACENT THERETO, A THREAD INTEGRAL WITH THE CORE HAVING A UNIFORM DIAMETER EQUAL TO THE DIAMETER OF THE PASSAGEWAY AND HAVING A FIRST ZONE OF PREDETERMINED PITCH ADJACENT THE INLET, A SECOND ZONE OF A GREATER PITCH THAN SAID PREDETERMINED PITCH ADJACENT THE FIRST ZONE, AND A THIRD ZONE OF A PITCH LESS THAN THE PITCH OF THE SECOND ZONE, SAID THIRD ZONE BEING ADJACENT SAID SECOND ZONE AND ON THE CORE SECTION OF NON-UNIFORM DIAMETER. 